Lead
facet 82 of routine table is Lead through atomic number 82, atomic load 207.2. Lead, symbol Pb, has actually a Face focused Cubic structure and SlateGray color. Lead is a post-transition metal element. Trivial surname of command is tetrels, crystallogens. Know everything about Lead Facts, physical Properties, chemistry Properties, digital configuration, Atomic and Crystal Structure.
Lead (/lɛd/) is a chemical facet in the carbon group with prize Pb (from Latin:plumbum) and atomic number 82. Command is a soft, malleable and also heavy post-transition metal. Metallic lead has a bluish-white shade after gift freshly cut, but it quickly tarnishes to a dull grayish shade when exposed come air.
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Lead Facts
Read key information and also facts around element Lead
| name | Lead |
| atomic Number | 82 |
| atomic Symbol | Pb |
| Atomic weight | 207.2 |
| phase | Solid |
| color | SlateGray |
| Classification | post-transition metal |
| team in routine Table | 14 |
| Group Name | carbon household |
| duration in regular Table | 6 |
| Block in routine Table | p-block |
| Electronic Configuration | |
| Melting point | 327.46 °C |
| Boiling point | 1749 °C |
| Electronic covering Structure | <2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 4> |
| CAS Number | CAS7439-92-1 |
ar
49
In
50
Sn
51
Sb
81
Tl
82
Pb
83
Bi
113
Nh
114
Fl
115
Mc
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | |
| 1 | 1 H 2 He | |||||||||||||||||
| 2 | 3 Li 4 Be 5 B 6 C 7 N 8 O 9 F 10 Ne | |||||||||||||||||
| 3 | 11 Na 12 Mg 13 Al 14 Si 15 P 16 S 17 Cl 18 Ar | |||||||||||||||||
| 4 | 19 K 20 Ca 21 Sc 22 Ti 23 V 24 Cr 25 Mn 26 Fe 27 Co 28 Ni 29 Cu 30 Zn 31 Ga 32 Ge 33 As 34 Se 35 Br 36 Kr | |||||||||||||||||
| 5 | 37 Rb 38 Sr 39 Y 40 Zr 41 Nb 42 Mo 43 Tc 44 Ru 45 Rh 46 Pd 47 Ag 48 Cd 49 In 50 Sn 51 Sb 52 Te 53 I 54 Xe | |||||||||||||||||
| 6 | 55 Cs 56 Ba 72 Hf 73 Ta 74 W 75 Re 76 Os 77 Ir 78 Pt 79 Au 80 Hg 81 Tl 82 Pb 83 Bi 84 Po 85 At 86 Rn | |||||||||||||||||
| 7 | 87 Fr 88 Ra 104 Rf 105 Db 106 Sg 107 Bh 108 Hs 109 Mt 110 Ds 111 Rg 112 Cn 113 Nh 114 Fl 115 Mc 116 Lv 117 Ts 118 Og | |||||||||||||||||
| Lanthanides | 57 La 58 Ce 59 Pr 60 Nd 61 Pm 62 Sm 63 Eu 64 Gd 65 Tb 66 Dy 67 Ho 68 Er 69 Tm 70 Yb 71 Lu | |||||||||||||||||
| Actinide | 89 Ac 90 Th 91 Pa 92 U 93 Np 94 Pu 95 Am 96 Cm 97 Bk 98 Cf 99 Es 100 Fm 101 Md 102 No 103 Lr |
explore our interactive periodic table
How to find Lead on periodic Table
Periodic table is arranged by atomic number, number of protons in the nucleus which is same as variety of electrons. The atom number rises from left come right. Routine table start at top left ( atomic number 1) and ends in ~ bottom ideal (atomic number 118). Because of this you can directly look for atomic number 82 to find Lead on routine table.
Another method to read periodic table and locate an element is by using group number (column) and duration number (row). To situate Lead on periodic table look for cross ar of team 14 and duration 6 in the modern-day periodic table.
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Table that Contents
History
Abundance
Physical Properties
Thermal Properties
Crystal Structure
Atomic & orbital Properties
Chemical Properties
Isotopes
Health and also Safety Parameters and Guidelines
Databases
Compare command with other elements
Lead History
The facet Lead was uncovered by Middle east in year 4000 BC in unknown ar . Lead obtained its name from English indigenous (plumbum in Latin)
Lead Presence: abundance in Nature and Around Us
The table listed below shows the variety of lead in Universe, Sun, Meteorites, Earth"s Crust, Oceans and also Human Body.
| abundance in universe | 1×10-6% |
| variety in sun | 1×10-6% |
| variety in Meteorites | 1.4e-06 |
| Abundance in Earth"s tardy | 9.9e-06 |
| diversity in oceans | 3×10-9% |
| abundance in human beings | 1.7e-06 |
Crystal framework of Lead
The heavy state framework of command is Face centered Cubic.
The crystal structure deserve to be explained in terms of its unit Cell. The unit cells repeats itself in 3 dimensional space to form the structure.
Unit cell Parameters
The unit cabinet is represented in regards to its lattice parameters, which space the lengths that the cabinet edges Lattice Constants (a, b and also c)
| 495.08 | 495.08 | 495.08 pm |
and the angles in between them Lattice angles (alpha, beta and gamma).
| π/2 | π/2 | π/2 |
The location of the atoms within the unit cell are described by the set of atom positions ( xi, yi, zi) measured indigenous a referral lattice point.
The symmetry properties of the crystal are defined by the concept of an are groups. All feasible symmetric species of particles in three-dimensional space are defined by the 230 room groups (219 unique types, or 230 if chiral copies are thought about distinct.
| space Group surname | Fm_ 3m |  |
| room Group Number | 225 | |
| Crystal structure | Face centered Cubic |
Lead Atomic and also Orbital Properties
Lead atoms have actually 82 electrons and also the electronic shell framework is <2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 4> with Atomic hatchet Symbol (Quantum Numbers) 3P0.
| atomic Number | 82 |
| Number of electron (with no charge) | 82 |
| Number of Protons | 82 |
| Mass Number | 207 |
| Number that Neutrons | 125 |
| Shell framework (Electrons per power level) | <2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 4> |
| Electron configuration | |
| Valence Electrons | 6s2 6p2 |
| Oxidation State | -4;-2;-1 1;2;3;4 |
| Atomic hatchet Symbol (Quantum Numbers) | 3P0 |
Shell framework of command - electron per energy level
Ground State electronic Configuration of command - neutral lead atom
The floor state digital configuration the Neutral lead atom isSee more: Acetaminophen And Ibuprofen: Can You Take Advil And Dayquil At The Same Time
Unabbreviated digital configuration that neutral lead
Complete floor state electronic configuration for the command atom, Unabbreviated electronic configuration
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2
Atomic framework of Lead
Lead atomic radius is 154 pm, while it"s covalent radius is 147 pm.
| atomic Radius | 154 pm (1.54 Å) |
| Atomic Volume | 18.2716049383 cm3 |
| Covalent Radius | 147 afternoon (1.47 Å) |
| van der Waals Radius | 202 pm |
| neutron Cross ar | 0.171 σa/barns |
Atomic Spectrum the Lead
Lead chemistry Properties: command Ionization Energies and also electron affinity
The electron affinity of command is 35.1 kJ/mol
| Valence | 4 |
| Electronegativity | 2.33 |
| ElectronAffinity | 35.1 kJ/mol |
Ionization energy of command
Refer come table listed below for Ionization energies of Lead
| 1 | 715.6 |
| 2 | 1450.5 |
| 3 | 3081.5 |
| 4 | 4083 |
| 5 | 6640 |
Lead physical Properties
Refer to below table for Lead physical Properties
| density | 11.34 g/cm3 |
| Molar Volume | 18.2716049383 cm3 |
Elastic Properties
| Young Modulus | 16 GPa |
| Shear Modulus | 5.6 GPa |
| bulk Modulus | 46 GPa |
| Poisson ratio | 0.44 |
Hardness of command - tests to measure of Hardness that Element
| Mohs Hardness | 1.5 MPa |
| Vickers Hardness | N/A |
| Brinell Hardness | 38.3 MPa |
Lead electrical Properties
lead is Conductor of electricity. Refer to table below for the electric properties of command
| electric Conductivity | 4.8×106 S/m |
| Resistivity | 2.1×10-7 m Ω |
| Superconducting suggest | 7.2 |
Lead Heat and Conduction Properties
| heat Conductivity | 35 W/(m K) |
| Thermal growth | 0.0000289 K-1 |
Lead Magnetic Properties
| Magnetic kind | Diamagnetic |
| Curie allude | N/A |
| mass Magnetic Susceptibility | -1.5×10-9 |
| Molar Magnetic Susceptibility | -3.11×10-10 |
| Volume Magnetic Susceptibility | -1.7e-05 |
Optical properties of Lead
| Refractive table of contents | N/A |
Acoustic nature of Lead
| speed of Sound | 1260 m/s |
Lead thermal Properties - Enthalpies and thermodynamics
Refer to table listed below for thermal properties that Lead
| Melting allude | 600.61 K (327.46 °C) |
| Boiling suggest | 2022 K (1749 °C) |
| crucial Temperature | N/A |
| Superconducting allude | 7.2 |
Enthalpies of Lead
| warmth of combination | 4.77 kJ/mol |
| warm of Vaporization | 178 kJ/mol |
| heat of combustion | N/A |
Lead isotope - atom Properties of command
Isotopes of rhodium. Naturally arising Lead has 4 secure isotope - 204Pb, 206Pb, 207Pb, 208Pb.
| 178Pb | ||||
| 179Pb | ||||
| 180Pb | ||||
| 181Pb | ||||
| 182Pb | ||||
| 183Pb | ||||
| 184Pb | ||||
| 185Pb | ||||
| 186Pb | ||||
| 187Pb | ||||
| 188Pb | ||||
| 189Pb | ||||
| 190Pb | ||||
| 191Pb | ||||
| 192Pb | ||||
| 193Pb | ||||
| 194Pb | ||||
| 195Pb | ||||
| 196Pb | ||||
| 197Pb | ||||
| 198Pb | ||||
| 199Pb | ||||
| 200Pb | ||||
| 201Pb | ||||
| 202Pb | ||||
| 203Pb | ||||
| 204Pb | 1.4% | steady | N/A | |
| 205Pb | ||||
| 206Pb | 24.1% | secure | N/A | |
| 207Pb | 22.1% | steady | N/A | |
| 208Pb | 52.4% | stable | N/A | |
| 209Pb | ||||
| 210Pb | ||||
| 211Pb | ||||
| 212Pb | ||||
| 213Pb | ||||
| 214Pb | ||||
| 215Pb |
Regulatory and Health - Health and also Safety Parameters and also Guidelines
| CAS Number | CAS7439-92-1 |
| RTECS Number | RTECSOF7525000 |
| period Hazard class | N/A |
| period Numbers | 3077 |
| EU Number | N/A |
| NFPA Fire Rating | 0 |
| NFPA dangers | N/A |
| NFPA health and wellness Rating | 2 |
| NFPA Reactivity Rating | 0 |
| Autoignition point | N/A |
| Flashpoint | N/A |
Database Search
list of unique identifiers to search the facet in various chemical registry databases
| CAS Number - chemistry Abstracts service (CAS) | CAS7439-92-1 |
| CID Number | CID5352425 |
| Gmelin Number | N/A |
| NSC Number | N/A |
| RTECS Number | RTECSOF7525000 |